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World Drug Report 2026

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Drug supply

Cultivation

Illicit crop cultivation

Seizures

Global seizures Long-term seizure trends Modes of transport

Dark Web

What is the Dark Web? Dark web sales Dark web markets

ATS

Overview

Supply

Global overview Global seizures Seizures in Europe

Demand

Global demand Demand in Europe Treatment in East and South-East Asia Recent trends in Central Asia, Transcaucasia and Eastern Europe

Amphetamine

Supply

Global seizures Near and Middle East

Methamphetamine

Supply

Global seizures Trafficking routes Precursors North America Asia East and South-East Asia Near and Middle East / South-West Asia Australia and New Zealand

Demand

North America Australia and New Zealand (use) Australia and New Zealand (harm)

"Ecstasy"

Supply

Global seizures Precursors Trafficking

Demand

Global demand Europe Australia and New Zealand

Cannabis

Supply

Overview

Global overview

Production process

Global cultivation Cultivation methods and potency

Seizures

Global seizures Cannabis herb seizures Cannabis resin seizures

Demand

Global

Global demand Use and treatment

Regional

Africa South and Central America Europe - use Europe - harm Australia and New Zealand

New developments

Semi-synthetic cannabinoids

Cocaine

Overview

Global overview

Supply

Cultivation

Coca bush cultivation Cultivation trends

Trafficking

Seizures Trafficking flows

Global market

Manufacture and seizures Global market Purities

Demand

Global

Global demand Demand by region

Americas

Europe

Current snapshot Trends and harms

Australia and New Zealand

Australia and New Zealand

Emerging markets

Seizures Africa Asia

Opioids

Overview

Global overview

Supply

Main illicit opium producing countries Opium production and prices Opiate seizures Regional distribution of seizures Pharmaceutical opioids - overview Pharmaceutical opioids - patterns

Demand

Opioid demand Opioid use trends Opiate use trends North America Asia Europe Non-medical use of tramadol

Emerging threats

Nitazenes and orphines

NPS

Overview

Global overview

Supply

NPS identified Seizures of synthetic NPS Seizures of plant-based NPS

Demand

Global demand Demand among youth Demand among youth (trends)

Ketamine

Ketamine seizures Ketamine use

Synthetic drugs

Synthetic drugs in relation to plant-based

Drug use & health consequences

Drug use

Global demand Global demand by drug type Trends in demand Synthetic drug use Stimulant drug use Drug use and age Among special groups

Polydrug use

Use patterns Use patterns among people in treament Polydrug-related deaths Mixtures and blends

People Who Inject Drugs

PWID PWID living with HIV PWID living with Hepatitis B/C

Drug-related harm

Harm by drug Drug-related deaths Years of healthy life lost (DALYs)

Treatment

Overview

Service provision

Referrals and interventions Treatment access Coverage of interventions (SDG 3.5.1)

Patients

Socioeconomic characteristics of patients Primary drug of use By gender, region and drug Age distribution Use and treatment by gender

Policy

Cannabis Legislation

Legislation in selected countries

Opioids for medical use

Availability Availability by region Availability by type Opioids used in substitution treatment

Criminal justice response

Legal framework Estimates By gender Severity of sentencing

Methodological Annex

Cocaine>>Overview

Scale of the cocaine market in 2024

The global cocaine market continues to expand.

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Browse by keyword

A

ASEAN

ATS-related treatment in East and South-East Asia

Age

Drug use and age

Age group

15-16

NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people

18-24

Age profiles of people in drug treatment

25-34

Age profiles of people in drug treatment

35-64

Age profiles of people in drug treatment

65 And Above

Age profiles of people in drug treatment

Below 18

Age profiles of people in drug treatment

Aging

Age profiles of people in drug treatment

Alternatives to conviction

Legislating drug offences

Americas

Long-term trends in cocaine use and related treatment

Aminoindanes

Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS

Amphetamine

ATS seizures and dismantled laboratories Amphetamine seizures - overview “Captagon” in the Near and Middle East Seizures of amphetamine-type stimulants in Europe

Amphetamine-type stimulants

ATS – Scale of the market “Ecstasy” seizures "Ecstasy" trafficking Consumer markets for amphetamines Methamphetamine harm in North America ATS-related treatment in East and South-East Asia Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Amphetamine-type stimulants use in Europe Methamphetamine – global seizures Methamphetamine precursors and laboratories Seizures of amphetamine-type stimulants in Europe Direct drug-related deaths Global extent of use of different drugs Recent trends in global drug use Stimulant use, by country Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment Patterns in drug-related harm Global drug seizures by drug Trends in global seizures

Annual prevalence

NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people

Arrests

People in contact with the criminal justice system Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand

Asia

Long-term trends in cocaine use and related treatment Non-medical use of tramadol

Attrition

People in contact with the criminal justice system The criminal justice process by sex

Australia and New Zealand

Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine supply in Oceania Cannabis use in Australia and New Zealand Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand

Availability of pharmaceutical opioids for medical use

Availability of controlled pharmaceutical opioids for medical use Availability of pharmaceutical opioids for medical use by region Most widely prescribed controlled opioids

Ayahuasca

Seizures of plant-based NPS

B

Benzoylecgonine

Regional breakdown of cocaine use Cocaine use in South America Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Cocaine in Europe – trends in use, harms and domestic markets

Brorphine

The threat of nitazenes and orphines

Buprenorphine

Most widely prescribed controlled opioids Opioids used in drug treatment Non-medical use of opioids - overview

C

"Crack" cocaine

Cocaine use in South America Cocaine use and associated harm in North America Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Cocaine in Europe – trends in use, harms and domestic markets

CBD

Cannabis potency and cultivation practices

Cannabinoids

Use of novel semi-synthetic cannabinoids

Cannabis

Scale of the cannabis market Cannabis use in Australia and New Zealand Long-term trends in cannabis use Regional trends in cannabis use and treatment Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe Cannabis use and treatment in Africa Direct drug-related deaths Global extent of use of different drugs Recent trends in global drug use Drug use and age Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment Patterns in drug-related harm Illicit crop cultivation Global drug seizures by drug Trends in global seizures

Cannabis harm

Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe

Cannabis herb

Cannabis herb seizures Cannabis seizures and trafficking

Cannabis regulation

Cannabis legalization and regulations

Cannabis resin

Cannabis resin seizures Cannabis seizures and trafficking

Cannabis-related treatment

Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe

Central America

Cannabis use and harms in Central and South America

Clear Web

What is the Dark Web?

Coca bush

Trends in coca cultivation and cocaine manufacture Coca bush cultivation and eradication Illicit crop cultivation

Cocaine

Scale of the cocaine market in 2024 Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Cocaine manufacture and seizures Cocaine trafficking Long-term trends in cocaine use and related treatment Regional breakdown of cocaine use Cocaine use in South America Cocaine use and associated harm in North America Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Cocaine in Europe – trends in use, harms and domestic markets Direct drug-related deaths Global extent of use of different drugs Recent trends in global drug use Stimulant use, by country Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment Patterns in drug-related harm Global drug seizures by drug Trends in global seizures Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs Trafficking and seizures in Ukraine

Cocaine availability

Global cocaine market

Cocaine base paste

Cocaine use in South America

Cocaine consumption

Global cocaine market

Cocaine products

Cocaine use in South America

Cocaine salts

Cocaine use in South America

Cocaine seizures

Cocaine manufacture and seizures Global cocaine market

Cocaine use

Global cocaine market

Cocaine-type drugs

Cocaine use in South America Global drug seizures by drug Trends in global seizures

Codeine

Global opium cultivation and production Seizures of pharmaceutical drugs – overview Geographical patterns in pharmaceutical opioid seizures Most widely prescribed controlled opioids Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Cognitive behavioural therapy

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Cognitive-behavioural therapy

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Community reinforcement

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Community reinforcement approach

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Consumption/use

Container-based shipments

Cocaine seizures in focus

Contingency management

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Conviction

People in contact with the criminal justice system

Criminal justice

Legislating drug offences People in contact with the criminal justice system The criminal justice process by sex Severity of sentencing for criminalized drug offences

Criminalization

Legislating drug offences

Criminalized offence

Legislating drug offences People in contact with the criminal justice system The criminal justice process by sex Severity of sentencing for criminalized drug offences

Cultivation

Cannabis cultivation – overview Cannabis potency and cultivation practices Trends in coca cultivation and cocaine manufacture Coca bush cultivation and eradication Global opium cultivation and production Main countries affected by illicit opium production Opium production and prices Opium production and opiate seizures Illicit crop cultivation

Custodial

Severity of sentencing for criminalized drug offences

Customs seizures

Cocaine seizures in focus

D

DALYs

Global estimates of drug-related harm

DMT

Daily or near-daily cannabis use

Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe

Dark Web

What is the Dark Web? Darknet sales Darknet markets

Darknet

What is the Dark Web?

Darknet markets

Darknet sales Darknet markets

Deep Web

What is the Dark Web?

Delta-8-THC

Use of novel semi-synthetic cannabinoids

Demand

Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Amphetamine-type stimulants use in Europe Regional breakdown of cocaine use Cocaine use and associated harm in North America Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot

Desomorphine

Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Direct drug-related deaths

Methamphetamine harm in North America Direct drug-related deaths Non-medical use of tramadol

Dissociatives

Drug Treatment

Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand

Drug combinations

Polydrug use - overview Polydrug use among people in drug-related treatment Polydrug use patterns in drug-related deaths

Drug mixtures

Drug offence

Legislating drug offences People in contact with the criminal justice system The criminal justice process by sex Severity of sentencing for criminalized drug offences

Drug treatment

Methamphetamine harm in North America Cannabis use and harms in Central and South America Regional trends in cannabis use and treatment Cannabis use and treatment in Africa Opioid use and associated harm in Europe Non-medical use of tramadol Opioid use and associated harm in East and South-East Asia

Drug use

Drug use and treatment by gender People who inject drugs People who inject drugs living with HIV People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

Drug use disorders

Drug use among specific population groups People in drug treatment by gender, region, and drug Patterns in drug-related harm Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

Drug-related deaths

Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Long-term trends in cocaine use and related treatment Cocaine use in South America Direct drug-related deaths Global estimates of drug-related harm Polydrug use patterns in drug-related deaths Patterns in drug-related harm Opioid harms in North America

Drug-related treatment

Amphetamine-type stimulants use in Europe Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Long-term trends in cocaine use and related treatment Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Cocaine in Europe – trends in use, harms and domestic markets Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment Drug use and treatment by gender Age profiles of people in drug treatment Patterns in drug-related harm SDG 3.5.1 Treatment coverage

E

"Ecstasy" forms

Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand

"Ecstasy"-type substances

“Ecstasy” seizures “Ecstasy” precursors "Ecstasy" trafficking "Ecstasy" use by region Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine – global seizures Methamphetamine precursors and laboratories Direct drug-related deaths Global extent of use of different drugs Recent trends in global drug use Stimulant use, by country

EDRS

Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand

East and South-East Asia

Methamphetamine supply in East and South-East Asia Opioid use and associated harm in East and South-East Asia

Eastern Europe

Trafficking and seizures in Ukraine

Eastern and South-Eastern Europe

Long-term trends in cocaine use and related treatment Opioid use and associated harm in Europe

Education level

Socioeconomic characteristics of patients in drug treatment

Emerging markets

Emerging markets for cocaine Emerging markets for cocaine - Asia Emerging markets for cocaine - Africa

Employment status

Socioeconomic characteristics of patients in drug treatment

Eradication

Coca bush cultivation and eradication

Estimated number of users

"Ecstasy" use by region Scale of the cannabis market Cannabis use in Australia and New Zealand Recent trends in global drug use

Estimates

Long-term trends in cannabis use Global and regional trends in opioid use Global and regional trends in opiate use

Etomidate analogues

Europe

Opioid use and associated harm in Europe Non-medical use of tramadol

Expert assessment of trend

Scale of the cannabis market Cannabis use in Australia and New Zealand

F

Fatal overdoses

Cocaine use and associated harm in North America Opioid harms in North America

Fatal poisonings

Non-medical use of tramadol

Females/women

Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Drug use and age Drug use and treatment by gender SDG 3.5.1 Treatment coverage

Fentanyl

Global opium cultivation and production Opioid harms in North America The threat of nitazenes and orphines Seizures of pharmaceutical drugs – overview Geographical patterns in pharmaceutical opioid seizures Most widely prescribed controlled opioids Non-medical use of opioids - overview Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

Fentanyl analogues

First-time treated

Opioid use and associated harm in Europe

Formal contact

People in contact with the criminal justice system

G

Gender

The criminal justice process by sex Drug use and age Drug use and treatment by gender

General population

General population survey

Consumer markets for amphetamines Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand Long-term trends in cannabis use Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Cocaine use in South America Cocaine use and associated harm in North America Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Drug use and treatment by gender Use of NPS

Global

Long-term trends in cannabis use Legislating drug offences People in contact with the criminal justice system The criminal justice process by sex Severity of sentencing for criminalized drug offences Global extent of drug use Global extent of use of different drugs Global and regional trends in opioid use Global and regional trends in opiate use

Global Burden of Disease study

Global estimates of drug-related harm

Global estimates

Scale of the cannabis market Cannabis use in Australia and New Zealand Global extent of drug use Global extent of use of different drugs Drug use and age

H

HBV

People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

HHC

Use of novel semi-synthetic cannabinoids

HIV/AIDS

People who inject drugs living with HIV

Hallucinogenic mushrooms

Seizures of plant-based NPS

Hallucinogens

Direct drug-related deaths Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment Global drug seizures by drug

Harmful use of substance

Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Cocaine in Europe – trends in use, harms and domestic markets People who inject drugs People who inject drugs living with HIV People who inject drugs living with hepatitis Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

Hepatitis B

People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

Hepatitis C

People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

Heroin

Global opium cultivation and production Opioid harms in North America Distribution of opiate seizures Non-medical use of opioids - overview Global and regional trends in opiate use Opioid use and associated harm in East and South-East Asia Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

Homeless persons

Drug use among specific population groups

Hospitalizations

Methamphetamine harm in North America Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand

Household survey

Consumer markets for amphetamines Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand Long-term trends in cannabis use Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Cocaine use in South America Cocaine use and associated harm in North America Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Drug use and treatment by gender Use of NPS

Housing status

Socioeconomic characteristics of patients in drug treatment

Hydrocodone

Most widely prescribed controlled opioids Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Hypnotics

I

IDRS

Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand

Indigenous persons

Drug use among specific population groups

Individual drug seizures

Modes of transport

Indoor cultivation

Cannabis potency and cultivation practices

Injecting Drug Use

People who inject drugs People who inject drugs living with HIV People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

Inter-regional trafficking

Cannabis seizures and trafficking

Internet

What is the Dark Web? Darknet sales Darknet markets

K

Ketamine

Use of NPS NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people Seizures of synthetic NPS Ketamine trafficking and seizures Ketamine use

Key population

People who inject drugs People who inject drugs living with HIV People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

Khat

Seizures of plant-based NPS

Kratom

Use of NPS Seizures of plant-based NPS

L

Laboratories

ATS seizures and dismantled laboratories Methamphetamine precursors and laboratories Methamphetamine supply in North America Methamphetamine supply in Asia Methamphetamine supply in Oceania

Legalization

Cannabis legalization and regulations

Legislation

Cannabis legalization and regulations

Long-term trends

ATS-related treatment in East and South-East Asia Scale of the cannabis market Cannabis use in Australia and New Zealand Long-term trends in cocaine use and related treatment Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

Lysergamides

M

MDMA

“Ecstasy” seizures “Ecstasy” precursors "Ecstasy" trafficking ATS seizures and dismantled laboratories "Ecstasy" use by region "Ecstasy" use in Europe Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand

Male to female ratio

Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot

Males/men

Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Drug use and age Drug use and treatment by gender SDG 3.5.1 Treatment coverage

Management of withdrawal

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Mean loads per 1,000 inhabitants

"Ecstasy" use by region

Measures of harm

Patterns in drug-related harm

Mephedrone

Use of NPS NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people

Methadone

Most widely prescribed controlled opioids Opioids used in drug treatment Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Methamphetamine

Consumer markets for amphetamines ATS seizures and dismantled laboratories Methamphetamine harm in North America ATS-related treatment in East and South-East Asia Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine – global seizures Methamphetamine precursors and laboratories Methamphetamine trafficking flows Methamphetamine supply in North America Methamphetamine supply in Asia Methamphetamine supply in East and South-East Asia Methamphetamine supply in Near and Middle East/South-West Asia Methamphetamine supply in Oceania Seizures of amphetamine-type stimulants in Europe Stimulant use, by country Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

Minimum darknet sales

Darknet markets

Minimum sales

Morphine

Global opium cultivation and production Distribution of opiate seizures Seizures of pharmaceutical drugs – overview Most widely prescribed controlled opioids Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Mortality

Global estimates of drug-related harm

Motivational approaches

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Motivational interviewing and motivational enhancement therapy

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

N

NPS appearance

NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people

Near and Middle East

Methamphetamine supply in Near and Middle East/South-West Asia “Captagon” in the Near and Middle East

Never previously treated

Opioid use and associated harm in Europe

New Psychoactive Substances (NPS)

Direct drug-related deaths Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment Overview of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) Use of NPS NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS Seizures of plant-based NPS Non-medical use of tramadol Global drug seizures by drug Trends in global seizures

New clients in drug treatment

Opioid use and associated harm in Europe

Nitazenes

Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS The threat of nitazenes and orphines Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Non-fatal overdoses

Cannabis use and harms in Central and South America

Non-medical use

Non-medical use of tramadol

Non-medical use of pharmaceutical products containing amphetamine-type stimulants

Stimulant use, by country

North America

Methamphetamine harm in North America Cocaine use and associated harm in North America

Number of people who inject drugs living with HIV

People who inject drugs living with HIV

Number of people who inject drugs living with hepatitis B

People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

Number of people who use drugs

Global extent of drug use Global extent of use of different drugs

Number of people who use opiates

Global and regional trends in opiate use

Number of people who use opioids

Global and regional trends in opioid use

Number of people/ users

Consumer markets for amphetamines Scale of the cannabis market Cannabis use in Australia and New Zealand Long-term trends in cannabis use

O

Oceania

Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand

Offences

Legislating drug offences People in contact with the criminal justice system The criminal justice process by sex Severity of sentencing for criminalized drug offences

Opiates

Global opium cultivation and production Opium production and opiate seizures Distribution of opiate seizures Seizures of pharmaceutical drugs – overview Geographical patterns in pharmaceutical opioid seizures Non-medical use of opioids - overview Global and regional trends in opiate use Trends in global seizures Trafficking and seizures in Ukraine

Opioid agonist maintenance therapy

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Opioid antagonist maintenance treatment

Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Opioids

Direct drug-related deaths Global extent of use of different drugs Recent trends in global drug use Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment Patterns in drug-related harm Global opium cultivation and production Opioid use and associated harm in Europe Opioid harms in North America Non-medical use of tramadol Seizures of pharmaceutical drugs – overview Geographical patterns in pharmaceutical opioid seizures Non-medical use of opioids - overview Global and regional trends in opioid use Opioid use and associated harm in East and South-East Asia Global drug seizures by drug Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

Opioids used in drug treatment

Opioids used in drug treatment

Opium

Global opium cultivation and production Main countries affected by illicit opium production Opium production and prices Opium production and opiate seizures Distribution of opiate seizures Non-medical use of opioids - overview Global and regional trends in opiate use

Opium poppy

Global opium cultivation and production Main countries affected by illicit opium production Opium production and prices Opium production and opiate seizures Illicit crop cultivation

Opium stocks

Opium production and opiate seizures

Orphines

Identified NPS The threat of nitazenes and orphines Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Other drugs

Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment

Overdose deaths

Non-medical use of tramadol

Oxycodone

Most widely prescribed controlled opioids Non-medical use of opioids - overview

P

PWID

People who inject drugs People who inject drugs living with HIV People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

Past-year use

Drug use and age

Pathway of referral

Drug-related treatment: Introduction Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions

Peer support groups

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Penalty

Severity of sentencing for criminalized drug offences

Pentazocine

Non-medical use of opioids - overview

People who inject drugs

People who inject drugs People who inject drugs living with HIV People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

People who use amphetamines

Consumer markets for amphetamines

Perceived availability

Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand

Persons living in rural areas

Drug use among specific population groups

Persons with a migrant background

Drug use among specific population groups

Persons with disabilities

Drug use among specific population groups

Persons with severe mental illness

Drug use among specific population groups

Pethidine

Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Pharmaceutical opioids

Global opium cultivation and production Opioid harms in North America The threat of nitazenes and orphines Seizures of pharmaceutical drugs – overview Geographical patterns in pharmaceutical opioid seizures Availability of controlled pharmaceutical opioids for medical use Availability of pharmaceutical opioids for medical use by region Most widely prescribed controlled opioids Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Pharmaceutical sedatives and tranquilizers

Direct drug-related deaths

Pharmacological treatment

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Phencyclidine-type substances

Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS

Phenethylamines

Overview of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS

Phenidates

Phenmetrazines

Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS

Piperazines

Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS

Plant-based drugs

Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

Polydrug use

Polydrug use - overview Polydrug use among people in drug-related treatment Polydrug use patterns in drug-related deaths

Population groups

Drug use among specific population groups

Potency

Cannabis potency and cultivation practices

Potential cocaine manufacture

Trends in coca cultivation and cocaine manufacture Cocaine manufacture and seizures

Potential opium production

Global opium cultivation and production Main countries affected by illicit opium production Opium production and prices Opium production and opiate seizures

Precursors

“Ecstasy” precursors Methamphetamine precursors and laboratories Methamphetamine supply in North America

Prevalence of HBV among PWID

People who inject drugs living with hepatitis

Prevalence of HIV among PWID

People who inject drugs living with HIV

Prevalence of drug use

Consumer markets for amphetamines "Ecstasy" use by region Long-term trends in cannabis use Regional breakdown of cocaine use Cocaine use in South America Global extent of drug use Global extent of use of different drugs Drug use and treatment by gender Use of NPS NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people Global and regional trends in opioid use Global and regional trends in opiate use

Price/purity

Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe Cocaine purities Cocaine in Europe – trends in use, harms and domestic markets Global opium cultivation and production Opium production and prices

Primary drug

Cannabis use and harms in Central and South America Regional trends in cannabis use and treatment Cannabis use and treatment in Africa Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment People in drug treatment by gender, region, and drug Opioid use and associated harm in Europe

Primary drug of use

Drug-related treatment: Introduction

Production/Manufacture

Global opium cultivation and production Opium production and opiate seizures

Profile

The criminal justice process by sex

Projected sales

Darknet markets

Proportion

Opioid use and associated harm in East and South-East Asia

Prosecution

People in contact with the criminal justice system

Psychosocial and behavioural interventions

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Q

Qualitative assessment

Recent trends in global drug use

Qualitative information

Scale of the cannabis market Cannabis use in Australia and New Zealand

R

Recovery and social integration

Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Regional patterns

Regional breakdown of cocaine use

Regions

Consumer markets for amphetamines Long-term trends in cannabis use Global and regional trends in opioid use Global and regional trends in opiate use

Registry of drug users

Opioid use and associated harm in East and South-East Asia

Regular "Ecstasy" Users

Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand

Rehabilitation and aftercare

Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Retail price

Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

S

Salvia divinorum

Seizures of plant-based NPS

School survey

Cocaine use in South America Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people

Seaports

Cocaine seizures in focus

Sedatives and tranquilizers

Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment Patterns in drug-related harm Global drug seizures by drug

Seizures

Methamphetamine – global seizures Methamphetamine precursors and laboratories Modes of transport Global opium cultivation and production Non-medical use of tramadol

Semi-synthetic cannabinoids

Use of novel semi-synthetic cannabinoids

Severity

Severity of sentencing for criminalized drug offences

Sewage epidemiology

ATS seizures and dismantled laboratories Amphetamine-type stimulants use in Europe "Ecstasy" use by region "Ecstasy" use in Europe Regional breakdown of cocaine use

Sex

The criminal justice process by sex

Sex workers

Drug use among specific population groups

Solvents and inhalants

Direct drug-related deaths Primary drug of use of people in drug treatment

South America

Cannabis use and harms in Central and South America Cocaine use in South America

South-Eastern Europe

Amphetamine-type stimulants use in Europe Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe Opioid use and associated harm in Europe

South-West Asia

Methamphetamine supply in Near and Middle East/South-West Asia

Special surveys

Stimulant

Stimulant use, by country

Subregions

Consumer markets for amphetamines Long-term trends in cannabis use Global and regional trends in opioid use Global and regional trends in opiate use

Substances

"Captagon"

Methamphetamine supply in Near and Middle East/South-West Asia Amphetamine seizures - overview “Captagon” in the Near and Middle East Seizures of amphetamine-type stimulants in Europe

"Gutter water"

"Happy water"

"Kush"

"Monkey tail"

"Nyaope"

"Pink cocaine"

"Tucibi"

"Tusi"

"Whoonga"

"Zobo"

1P-LSD

2C-B

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG 3.5.1 Treatment coverage

Synthetic cannabinoids

Overview of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) Use of NPS NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS

Synthetic cathinones

Stimulant use, by country Overview of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS Trafficking and seizures in Ukraine

Synthetic drugs

Synthetic drug use, by country Trafficking and seizures in Ukraine

Synthetic opioids

Overview of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) Identified NPS Opioid harms in North America The threat of nitazenes and orphines Synthetic alongside plant-based drugs

T

THC

Cannabis potency and cultivation practices

THC-COOH

Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe

Threshold

Legislating drug offences

Toxicological findings in drug-related deaths

Direct drug-related deaths

Trafficking

Cannabis herb seizures Cocaine trafficking Modes of transport Ketamine trafficking and seizures Distribution of opiate seizures

Tramadol

Global opium cultivation and production Non-medical use of tramadol Seizures of pharmaceutical drugs – overview Geographical patterns in pharmaceutical opioid seizures Non-medical use of opioids - overview

Treatment

Methamphetamine harm in North America Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Drug-related treatment: Introduction Drug-related treatment - referral and interventions Socioeconomic characteristics of patients in drug treatment Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases Polydrug use among people in drug-related treatment People in drug treatment by gender, region, and drug Ketamine use

Treatment coverage

Drug-related treatment: Introduction Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases SDG 3.5.1 Treatment coverage

Treatment of psychiatric comorbidities

Drug treatment services and prevention of infectious diseases

Trends

Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Amphetamine-type stimulants use in Europe "Ecstasy" use in Europe Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand Scale of the cannabis market Regional trends in cannabis use and treatment Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe Cannabis use and treatment in Africa Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Cocaine use in South America Cocaine use and associated harm in North America Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Cocaine in Europe – trends in use, harms and domestic markets Direct drug-related deaths Global extent of drug use Recent trends in global drug use Opioid use and associated harm in Europe Opioid harms in North America Global and regional trends in opioid use Global and regional trends in opiate use Opioid use and associated harm in East and South-East Asia

Tryptamines

Identified NPS Seizures of synthetic NPS

U

Use in lifetime

NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people

Use in the past 12 months

NPS use among young people Trends in NPS use among young people

Use patterns

Polydrug use - overview Polydrug use among people in drug-related treatment Polydrug use patterns in drug-related deaths

Use/Consumption

Cannabis use and harms in Central and South America Regional trends in cannabis use and treatment Cannabis use and treatment in Africa

W

Wastewater analysis

ATS seizures and dismantled laboratories Amphetamine-type stimulants use in Europe "Ecstasy" use by region "Ecstasy" use in Europe Ecstasy use in Australia and New Zealand Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe Cocaine use and associated harm in Australia and New Zealand Regional breakdown of cocaine use Cocaine use in South America Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Cocaine in Europe – trends in use, harms and domestic markets Ketamine use

Western Africa

Non-medical use of tramadol

Western and Central Europe

"Ecstasy" trafficking Amphetamine-type stimulants use in Europe Cannabis use in South-Eastern and Western and Central Europe Trends in cannabis-related harm in selected subregions of Europe Long-term trends in cocaine use and related treatment Cocaine use in Europe – current snapshot Cocaine in Europe – trends in use, harms and domestic markets Opioid use and associated harm in Europe

Y

Youth

Methamphetamine use in Australia and New Zealand Methamphetamine harms in Australia and New Zealand Age profiles of people in drug treatment

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