Opioid-related harms, measured as new people entering treatment, have declined in Europe.

• Although the share of people in treatment for opioid use disorders remains substantial in Europe, the number of people entering treatment for the first time has decreased.
• In Eastern Europe and South-Eastern Europe, women are more likely than men to be in treatment for opioid use disorders.
• Overall, women make up a relatively small share of opioid treatment cases (around 20 per cent) – contrasting with a higher representation of women in treatment for the non-medical use of pharmaceutical sedatives and tranquilizers.