Cocaine use and related harms have increased globally over the past two decades, despite recent disruptions.

• Approximately 25 million people worldwide are estimated to have used cocaine in 2024 (or 0.47 per cent of the population aged 15-64), with lower estimated use among women (0.24 per cent) than men (0.7 per cent).
• In Western and Central Europe and in the Americas, the numbers of people in treatment due to cocaine have been growing over the past decade, aside from a temporary dip during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since 2020 they returned to a growing trend, except for a moderate drop in 2024 in the Americas and in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe.
• In several countries with major cocaine markets there has been a clear increase in cocaine-related deaths over the past decade.