In South-Eastern Europe, and Western and Central Europe, amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) use and health harm remain mainly linked to amphetamine and are relatively low compared to other regions.Amphetamines are the third most common stimulant drugs group in Europe after cocaine and “ecstasy”.…
The non-medical use of cannabis in Australia has remained broadly stable, while trends in New Zealand have levelled off after earlier growth.In Australia, cannabis use has remained relatively stable over the past 2 decades. However, between 2019 and 2022/23 cannabis use increased among women (…
Cannabis use in Europe stabilizes after long-term growth.Cannabis remains the most widely used drug in Europe, with an estimated 31 million users in 2024 (10 million women and 21 million men).In the majority of countries with available data, use has stabilized in recent years following long-term…
Cocaine use continues to increase in Western and Central Europe as well as South-Eastern Europe, according to several indicators of use and harm.In 2024, demand-side and supply-side domestic market indicators showed diverging trends in Western and Central Europe, suggesting localized disruptions…
In Australia, multiple drug-related indicators show an increase in cocaine use and associated harm between 2010 and 2021, particularly among men. However, cocaine still plays a relatively small role in overall drug-related harm, with only 2.7 per cent of people in drug-related treatment reporting…
Cocaine is the second most used drug in Europe, after cannabis. However, per capita consumption of the substance tends to be lower than in the Americas.Annual use of cocaine is relatively high in Western and Central Europe (the subregion with the third highest average prevalence in the world) and…
The subregion with the highest annual prevalence of use of "ecstasy" globally is Australia and New Zealand where "ecstasy" is mostly used in capsules and crystal form.In Australia, after a decline in the use and availability of "ecstasy" since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, use and…
The “ecstasy” market remains concentrated in Europe (mainly Western and Central Europe)The use of “ecstasy” is relatively high in Western and Central Europe with nearly 4 million of people estimated to have used the substance in the past year in 2024. In contrast, the estimated number of users was…
As intensive methamphetamine use has increased in both Australia and New Zealand, associated health harms have also increased.In Australia, hospitalizations and the number of people in drug-related treatment related to methamphetamine use have increased over the long-term, although recent data…
In Australia, past-year methamphetamine use has declined since 2004, but among people who still used the drug, there are signs of increases in intensive use patterns.A similar trend is observed in New Zealand, where the police characterize the methamphetamine market as saturated. Intensive use of…
Opioid-related harms, measured as new people entering treatment, have declined in Europe.Although the share of people in treatment for opioid use disorders remains substantial in Europe, the number of people entering treatment for the first time has decreased.In Eastern Europe and South-Eastern…
Between 2000 and 2020, cannabis in Western and Central Europe and parts of South-Eastern Europe became more potent, more affordable and more frequently used in a number of countries, although these trends have stabilized in recent years.Despite this stabilization, the number of cannabis-related…
