List of findings

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Seizures of methamphetamine continued rising in South-East Asia while declining in East Asia.The largest quantities of methamphetamine worldwide were seized in East and South-East Asia, accounting for 48 per cent of the world’s total in 2024.Seizures of methamphetamine have been declining over the…
Methamphetamine seizures now dominate overall seizures of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) in the Near and Middle East/South-West Asia.Until 2022, ATS seizures in the subregion were dominated by amphetamine – notably “captagon” – but methamphetamine seizures have continued to rise since while…
Following a major upward trend over the last two decades, methamphetamine seizures in North America declined over the 2021-2024 period. In parallel to declines in the quantities of methamphetamine seized in recent years, there have been ongoing declines…
Seizures of methamphetamine have shown a clear upward trend in Oceania over the last decade. Seizures of methamphetamine in Oceania reached a new record high in 2024, mainly driven by rising seizures reported from Australia and New Zealand. At the same time, the…
Most methamphetamine trafficking remains intra-regional, although some inter-regional trafficking has also been detected in recent years.The largest markets for methamphetamine – and most intra-regional trafficking – remain in East and South-East Asia and North America, although trafficking has…
In Australia, past-year methamphetamine use has declined since 2004, but among people who still used the drug, there are signs of increases in intensive use patterns.A similar trend is observed in New Zealand, where the police characterize the methamphetamine market as saturated. Intensive use of…
Overall, of the four major modes of transport used for drug trafficking – by land, water, air and mail (including courier services) – land or maritime routes (depending on the specific drug) dominate in terms of volume.Around 2024, there appeared to be an increased preference for smaller shipments…
Seven substances dominate the global availability of opioids under international control for medical consumption.Expressed in S-DDDs (defined daily doses for statistical purposes), methadone, followed by hydrocodone, fentanyl, buprenorphine, oxycodone, codeine (including preparations) and morphine…
The type of opioid that is most used non-medically varies across regions and countries.With the highest population globally, Asia is also the region with the highest number of people who use opioids.The type of opioid used differs across regions, with opiates such as heroin dominating in Asia and…
The non-medical use and trafficking of tramadol remain most concentrated in North Africa, West and Central Africa, and the Near and Middle East and South-West Asia, though there remains significant localized non-medical use in other regions.There remains a significant data gap on tramadol use and…
Similarly to most internationally controlled drugs, the use of NPS among adolescents is higher than among the general population, but the difference between adolescent boys and girlsis lower for NPS than for controlled drugs.Limited data suggest that NPS use is generally higher among school…
The health harms posed by the non-medical use of opioids remains high in North America, but have started to decline in late 2023 and in 2024.Opioid overdose deaths reached historical highs in the United States of America and Canada between 2021 and 2023 but have since started to decline, returning…